Why "Backward" is best?

Though consideration about what to teach and how to teach, it may dominate our thinking as a matter of habit, the challenge is to focus first on the desired learning from which appropriate teaching will logically follow. Curriculum should lay out the most effective ways of achieving specific results, to meet cultural goals rather than a purposeless tour of all the major sites in a foreign country. In short, the best design derives back word from the desired results.

Only by having specified the results, we can focus on the content, method, and activities most likely to achieve those results.

But many teachers begin with and remain focus on text books, favored lessons, and activities (the input) rather than those means that can be implied to in the desired results, the output. They focus on teaching rather than on learning, and spend most of their time thinking what they will do, what materials they will use, rather than thinking of what learners need to accomplish the learning goals.

I think that the goals should be specified, so that they can be achieved by design and not by hope.

Teaching For Understanding

Teaching for understanding may seem ironic, no teacher teaches for lack of understanding. However when we examine the concept of understanding closely, we see that it isn't as simple as it appears on the surface. Experts describe understanding as "being able to do a variety of thought –demanding things with a topic-like explaining.  Finding evidences and examples, generalizing and applying, analogizing, and representing the topic in a new way. The teaching models and other strategies are designed to help teacher ensure that their students learning extends beyond memorization, which is so prevalent in schools today.

Teaching for understanding requires that teachers possess the different types of knowledge and this can be by identify clear learning objectives, selecting teaching strategies that most effectively help student reach the objectives, also by providing examples and representation can help students acquire deep understanding of the topics.

Transgenic Animals

A transgenic animal is one that carry foreign gene that has been deliberately inherited into its genome. The idea of creating transgenic animals gives researchers the opportunity to know the function of certain gene product In addition to using transgenic animal in reganestic study.

Transgenic animals are useful in agriculture By means of Trans genesis, a larger cross breading of desired traits can be formed. This can be done by selective cross breeding where farmers used to selectively breed animals to give rise of progeny that exhibit a desired trait. In fact, farmers work on increasing the amount of a specific trait or increasing the quality of these animals for example the transgenic caw can be made to produce more milk or milk with less lactose/cholesterol. Transgenic plant is another example where they are crossed and efficiently allows farmers to select a desired trait. This can reduce the looseness of crops and improve the growth of the produced plants However transgenic animals use is not limited to agriculture, it further works in many medical applications.

Xenotransplantation, nutritional supplements, and gene therapy, are all applications where transgenic animals can be used in.

Animal Rights

Animals are used for research in a variety of settings, including tests to determine the safety of drugs, cosmetics, and other substances.

In fact, animal testing allow researchers to develop new medication and treatments advancing the field of medicine and enhancing the health of society. For example drugs that are used to treat cancer and HIV infection, diabetes…are resulted from tests performed on animals. Also, by the help of animals, researchers are able to test the safety of medications and other substances in which human have regular content.

However, when using animals in testing, a significant number are harmed or die as a result of experiments and testing. Also, many of the substances that are used on animal subjects never receive approval for human use or consumption. Further, using animals in research is expensive, because they require care and treatment beside the cost of the experiment. I'd like to ask about these animals' rights, shouldn't be protected and treated.

I think that animals are living creatures too, they see the world and feel things  similar way to us, and they deserve rights.

What Teachers Need to Know about Assessment?

A teacher must make many decisions and making a good decision in the classroom requires more than good judgment or years of experience. Good decisions as what to teach and how to teach to evaluate students' achievements are actually based on high quality information about the student, and this come from high quality assessments.

The teacher shouldn't only think that the assessments involve simply testing and grading, or think of it as separate from teaching. But rather assessment is used to collect and use information to make decisions in order to optimize teaching and students' learning.

Validity of the assessment result is very important, so that when the results are valid we can use them as trust, it's the soundness of your interpretation and the usage of the results. One thing to improve the validity is to look at the content representative and relevance where one should make sure if the assessment emphasizes what he/she taught, if it represents the schools' stated curricular content, the current thinking about the subject, and if the content contained are worth learning. Another thing to improve validity is to look on the thinking process and skills represented.

Limited English proficiency (L.E.P)

LEP students are student who have limited ability to speak, read, write, or understand English. They are unable to communicate effectively because English is not their primary language, and they have not developed fluency in the language.

In fact, these students lack the motivation to learn, they have negative attitude to word English, they lack the confidence and the focus, and this is besides the limited teaching materials and ineffective teaching strategies used with these students. Hence, what are the possible solutions?

Beside the factors that we discussed above, is the cultural back ground and the socio economic status are also influence. Thereby, there are several things the teacher can use to minimize this limitation and help the students overcome such obstacle.

I think that the teacher should act as a motivator; they should try to motivate students to study English by using several strategies, activities, and adequate material to address their needs. So, by allowing them to engage and participate in the class they will feel that they are important contributors to the lesson. Also explaining the importance of English can work, because if students know the importance of English, they will remove the negative attitude towards it and attempts to become better at it when knowing its value in real life. Another important thing is the use of simple strategies so that the student will be able to move from simple to complex without feeling a gap in the transitions

Teachers and Technology

Integrating technology in the classroom is somehow challenging foe teachers due to the lack of many school districts, the necessary resources to carry out certain instructions. So that computers and soft wares licenses are not readily available for every teacher. This is besides the training these teachers need to be ready to use such technology.

Hence, some teachers are negatively affected by technology; they may lack confidence using programs they are not experienced with.

Even if technology is becoming a major part of our life, I think it's hard for teacher s that have been set in their ways teaching techniques for years to come and suddenly change their ways and incorporate something they have never used before. Teachers in this case feel uncomfortable and unsure of their teaching strategies.

What are The Effects Of Technology on The Developing Child?

Technology becomes a major part of our culture. What was once a tool for business; it becomes a key of communication and entertainment for families and even for children. Start using technology at early ages has its harmful consequences.

20 years ago, children used to play outside all the day, spots, and building forts. However today's children are totally different, and entertainment technology such as TV, internet, i pad has advanced so rapidly which affects the family structure and the life style.

Relying on the technology for the majority of their play can limit the challenge to their creativity as well as limiting necessary challenges to their bodies to achieve optimal sensory and motor development and thus a delay in child development as well as negative impacts on basic skills for achieving literacy can result. These children struggle with the attention skills necessary for learning, which is a significant behavior management problem for teachers in the class room.

Therefore we should all wake up and see such devastating effects that is not only on the child's health, but also on their ability to learn and sustain personal and family relationships

For Sperm Donor

Sperm Donation is one of those controversial issues that not only has a lot going for it, but also a lot of contention surrounding it. There are many reasons to be a sperm donor, but also many reasons not too. For some, sperm donation is considered as a gift that changes the life of a couple who love to have a child of their own.

However, Is someone who donated some sperm really a parent?! Should parent only mean the one who cared you as baby, got up in the night for you, and work hard to give you food, shelter and best life?!

This situation is not like adoption or even a surrogacy; it's more like a blood donation and therefore gives the recipient no rights over the donor!

So, I think that this is something illegal and should be prohibited because these children desire to know who their actual parents are, and not to loss distress about their origin and identity and about the ability to relate to a biological father. Further, the emotional and social development of these children is fostered within the context of parent-child relationship. Also these children are more troubled and depressed than any other children in their ages that live in real families. This is beside the new family dynamics that can result from sperm donation like the increase of single parent, and the phenomena of same sex couple may be that I think they are unaccepted.

                                                                                                         

The Strange Addiction!

One of the very serious addictions that come to light recently is the plastic surgery addiction, a case where people become addicted to such behavior despite of its negative consequences. Usually these people experience mental obsession to alter their bodies and faces, they desire to look in a certain way to fit their personal ideal of beauty and they do not get satisfied ever. The cause behind such addiction is a mental or emotional issue.

In fact, the concept of beauty is skewed in today's society, so that some believe that they are only beautiful if they if they have the same features as their preferable stars have, they do not know that there is no such thing as perfect and complete. Whenever they do the first surgery they find the reason to do the second and then the third and so on reaching unattainable results.

Plastic surgeries like any other surgery carries a risk of medical complication including death, also there are many complication that are associated with including infections, tissue death, nerve damage, scaring is one possible outcome , and this is beside the high cost they require.

In my opinion, it's normal to dislike a particular feature and correct it but the issue becomes dangerous when people used to do it always, it becomes unacceptable. People you should love your sole and seek a healthy living.